Fertility Testing & Evaluation

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Fertility Testing Services in New York City

Understanding your fertility starts with asking the right questions – and getting reliable answers. Whether you have been trying to conceive without success, are planning ahead for the future, or have a medical history that may affect your reproductive health, a comprehensive fertility evaluation gives you and your care team the information needed to move forward with clarity and purpose.

Fertility testing is not exclusively for those experiencing difficulty conceiving. Many individuals and couples seek an evaluation proactively to establish a reproductive baseline, assess ovarian reserve before egg freezing, or address a diagnosis that may carry fertility implications. Whatever brings you to NYU Langone Fertility Center, the goal is the same: to understand where you are so we can determine the most effective path forward.

Our team fertility specialists offer a full spectrum of diagnostic services for both individuals and couples. From hormone testing and imaging to advanced genetic screening, every evaluation is individualized to your history, your goals, and your timeline. If you are ready to begin, we encourage you to schedule a fertility evaluation today.

Fertility Testing for Women

A woman’s fertility evaluation is designed to assess the key factors that influence her ability to conceive: ovarian reserve, hormonal function, and reproductive anatomy. Our specialists use the following diagnostics to build a complete and individualized picture of each patient’s fertility health:

  • AMH Testing (Anti-Müllerian Hormone): A blood test that can be drawn on any day of the cycle to estimate ovarian reserve, or the quantity of eggs remaining. AMH is one of the most informative and widely used markers in fertility evaluation and treatment planning.
  • Day 3 FSH & Estradiol Panel: Bloodwork drawn on the third day of the menstrual cycle to assess follicle-stimulating hormone and estradiol levels, which reflect baseline ovarian function and the body’s effort to stimulate egg development.
  • Transvaginal Ultrasound: A standard imaging study used to evaluate uterine and ovarian anatomy, detect structural abnormalities, and perform an antral follicle count, a key measure of ovarian reserve.
  • Hysterosalpingogram (HSG): An X-ray procedure using contrast dye to evaluate the uterine cavity and assess whether the fallopian tubes are open, identifying any blockages or structural irregularities that could affect conception.
  • Thyroid & Prolactin Testing: Hormone bloodwork to screen for thyroid dysfunction or elevated prolactin, both of which can disrupt ovulation and cycle regularity.
  • Ovulation Monitoring: Assessment of ovulatory function through cycle tracking, progesterone bloodwork, or ultrasound monitoring to confirm ovulation and evaluate its timing and consistency.

At NYU Langone Fertility Center, your evaluation will be tailored to your specific needs. We will recommend testing based on your medical history, symptoms, and reproductive goals. To learn more about what female fertility testing involves, visit our Female Fertility Testing page.

Fertility Testing for Men

Male factor infertility contributes to approximately half of all cases of infertility, yet it is often overlooked until couples have already been trying for some time. A thorough male fertility evaluation is a standard and essential component of any complete workup. NYU Langone Fertility Center offers the following diagnostic assessments for men:

  • Semen Analysis: The primary test in male fertility evaluation, measuring sperm count, motility, morphology, and semen volume. Results are compared to established reference ranges to identify any parameters that may be contributing to fertility challenges.
  • Hormone Testing: A blood panel assessing testosterone, FSH, LH, prolactin, and other key reproductive hormones to identify hormonal causes of impaired sperm production or function.
  • Physical Examination: A clinical assessment by a reproductive urologist to identify structural factors, such as varicocele, obstruction, or testicular abnormalities, that may be affecting fertility.
  • Sperm DNA Fragmentation Testing: An advanced analysis of sperm DNA integrity, particularly useful in cases of unexplained infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, or repeated IVF failure where standard parameters appear normal.
  • Genetic Screening: Testing for chromosomal abnormalities or specific gene mutations – such as Y-chromosome microdeletions or cystic fibrosis variants – that may affect sperm production or reproductive outcomes.
  • Repeat Semen Analysis: A follow-up semen analysis is commonly recommended to confirm abnormal findings, as sperm parameters can vary between samples. Repeat testing ensures accuracy before a diagnosis is finalized or treatment is initiated.

Your NYU Langone Fertility Center specialist will recommend a personalized evaluation based on your medical history, symptoms, and family-building goals. To learn more, visit our Male Fertility Testing page.

Genetic Testing

Genetic testing plays an increasingly important role in fertility care, both for identifying inherited conditions that could affect offspring and for improving outcomes in patients undergoing IVF. At NYU Langone Fertility Center, we offer comprehensive genetic testing options as part of an integrated approach to reproductive medicine.

Carrier screening helps determine whether you or your partner carry gene variants for hereditary conditions, such as cystic fibrosis, spinal muscular atrophy, or sickle cell disease, that could be passed to a child. Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT), performed on embryos prior to transfer during an IVF cycle, provides an additional layer of information to guide embryo selection and improve the likelihood of a healthy pregnancy. NYU Langone Fertility Center offers the following PGT options:

  • PGT-A (Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy): Screens embryos for chromosomal abnormalities such as extra or missing chromosomes, which are a leading cause of implantation failure and miscarriage. Helps identify chromosomally normal embryos for transfer.
  • PGT-M (Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Monogenic Disorders): Tests embryos for specific single-gene conditions — such as cystic fibrosis, BRCA mutations, or Huntington’s disease — for patients who are known carriers or at elevated genetic risk.
  • PGT-SR (Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Structural Rearrangements): Recommended for patients who carry chromosomal structural rearrangements such as translocations or inversions, helping reduce the risk of miscarriage and chromosomal imbalance in the embryo.

Your Fertility Evaluation: What to Expect

Your first fertility evaluation at NYU Langone Fertility Center is a focused, collaborative appointment designed to gather the information your care team needs to guide next steps. Here is what a typical initial evaluation includes:

  • Medical history review: Your provider will take a thorough reproductive and general health history, including prior pregnancies, surgeries, diagnoses, medications, and any previous fertility testing or treatment.
  • Discussion of your reproductive goals: Your provider will take time to understand your timeline, priorities, and what you are hoping to achieve – whether that is natural conception, fertility preservation, or treatment with IUI or IVF.
  • Physical examination: Depending on your history, a physical or pelvic exam may be performed to assess anatomy and identify any findings that warrant further evaluation.
  • Initial diagnostic testing: Appropriate baseline tests, including bloodwork, a transvaginal ultrasound, or a semen analysis for a male partner,  will be ordered to begin building your diagnostic picture.
  • Clear next steps: By the end of your appointment, you will have a preliminary understanding of your fertility health and a defined plan for what comes next, whether that is additional testing, monitoring, or a discussion of treatment options.

How to Prepare for Your Evaluation:

  • Bring any prior fertility test results, imaging reports, lab work, or operative notes that may be relevant to your evaluation.
  • Track your menstrual cycle in the weeks leading up to your appointment, noting cycle length, flow, and any symptoms.
  • Prepare a complete list of all current medications and supplements, including vitamins and herbal products.
  • If your partner will be attending, both of you should be ready to provide individual medical histories.
  • Write down any questions you want answered so you leave the appointment fully informed.
  • Approach the visit as an information-gathering conversation. There are no wrong answers, and the goal is simply to understand your starting point.

Understanding Fertility Testing Costs

The cost of fertility testing at NYU Langone Fertility Center varies based on the specific evaluations recommended and your individual insurance coverage. Diagnostic tests such as bloodwork and imaging may be covered by your health plan when ordered for a medical indication, while certain elective or specialized tests – such as advanced genetic screening or sperm DNA analysis – may involve out-of-pocket costs.

New York State has fertility insurance mandate requirements that may apply to your plan, which means broader coverage than states without mandates. We strongly recommend contacting your insurer directly to understand your specific benefits before testing begins. Our financial counselors are available to review your coverage, provide cost estimates in advance, and discuss flexible financing options to ensure that access to care is not limited by financial concerns.

Fertility Testing FAQs

  • Fertility testing is a structured set of medical evaluations used to assess a person’s or couple’s reproductive health and identify factors that may be affecting their ability to conceive. It typically includes hormone bloodwork, imaging studies such as transvaginal ultrasound, and – for men – a semen analysis. The goal is not only to identify potential problems but to give patients and their care team the information needed to develop an accurate diagnosis and a personalized, evidence-based plan for moving forward.

  • Standard clinical guidance recommends seeking a fertility evaluation after 12 months of unprotected intercourse without conception, or after 6 months if the female partner is 35 or older. However, earlier evaluation is appropriate for anyone with known risk factors, such as irregular menstrual cycles, a prior diagnosis of endometriosis or PMOS, a history of pelvic infection or surgery, or recurrent pregnancy loss. Individuals who are not yet trying to conceive may also benefit from proactive testing if they want to understand their reproductive baseline or are considering fertility preservation.

  • A complete fertility evaluation typically begins with a detailed consultation covering medical history and reproductive goals. For women, the workup commonly includes AMH testing, a Day 3 FSH and estradiol panel, a transvaginal ultrasound with antral follicle count, and in some cases, a uterine cavity evaluation such as an HSG or saline infusion sonogram. For men, the core test is a semen analysis, often supplemented by hormonal bloodwork and a physical examination. The specific tests ordered are tailored to each patient’s history and clinical presentation.

  • The timeline depends on the tests recommended and, for women, the timing of the menstrual cycle, since some hormone tests must be drawn on specific cycle days. Many patients complete their initial consultation and some baseline testing in a single visit. A full diagnostic workup, including cycle-timed bloodwork, imaging, and a semen analysis, may take two to four weeks from first appointment to complete results. Your care team will outline a clear timeline at your first appointment and keep you informed throughout the process.

  • Before your first appointment, gather any relevant medical records, including prior lab results, imaging, or surgical history. If you have been tracking your menstrual cycle, bring that information along. Prepare a full list of current medications and supplements. If you have a partner attending, both of you should be ready to share your individual medical histories. Writing your questions down in advance ensures you leave with the answers you came for. Come prepared to have an open, honest conversation – the more information your provider has, the more useful your evaluation will be.

  • As of 2020, New York State mandates that large group insurance policies cover three cycles of IVF used in the treatment of infertility and fertility preservation for medical reasons. While these requirements provide broader benefits than states without mandates, individual coverage still varies significantly by plan and employer. Many plans cover diagnostic fertility testing, including bloodwork and imaging, when ordered for a medical reason. More specialized tests or elective assessments may involve out-of-pocket costs. Our financial counselors at NYU Langone Fertility Center can help review your coverage and clarify what to expect.

  • Yes, and we encourage it. Because male factor infertility is involved in roughly half of all cases, evaluating both partners from the start provides a more complete picture and often leads to faster, more accurate answers. Couples can attend the initial consultation together, and testing for both partners can be coordinated simultaneously to avoid unnecessary delays. Understanding fertility from both sides at the outset allows your care team to recommend the most appropriate and efficient path forward.

  • Once all test results are available, you will meet with your fertility specialist to review the findings in detail. Your provider will explain what each result means, discuss any identified diagnoses, and outline a personalized treatment plan aligned with your goals and circumstances. Depending on findings, next steps might include additional testing, lifestyle guidance, fertility medications, IUI, IVF, or other interventions. At NYU Langone Fertility Center, the goal is for every patient to leave their follow-up appointment with a clear understanding of their diagnosis and a defined, actionable plan.

  • Yes. NYU Langone Fertility Center provides inclusive, affirming fertility care for LGBTQ+ individuals and couples. Fertility testing is an important starting point for understanding which family-building pathways are available, whether that involves donor sperm, donor eggs, gestational surrogacy, or reciprocal IVF. Testing is tailored to each individual’s anatomy and reproductive goals, and our team is experienced in providing sensitive, knowledgeable care to patients across the full spectrum of family structures and identities.

  • Yes. Fertility testing – particularly ovarian reserve assessment for women and semen analysis for men – is a standard first step before initiating egg freezing, embryo freezing, or sperm banking. For women, AMH levels and antral follicle count help predict ovarian response to stimulation medications and inform the treatment protocol. For men, a semen analysis establishes baseline parameters before freezing. Whether you are preserving fertility before cancer treatment or proactively banking eggs or sperm for the future, testing ensures the process is personalized to your biology.

Schedule a Fertility Evaluation in New York City

If you are ready to take the first step toward understanding your fertility, the team at NYU Langone Fertility Center is here to help. We offer comprehensive fertility evaluations for individuals and couples in New York City, Manhattan, Westchester, Mount Vernon, White Plains, and throughout the NYU Langone Health system.

Our reproductive endocrinologists bring deep clinical expertise and a direct, patient-centered approach to every evaluation. Whether you are just beginning to explore your options or have been navigating fertility challenges for some time, we are committed to providing you with accurate answers and a clear path forward. Reach out today to schedule your appointment today!